Related Conditions and Treatments
Amniotic Band Syndrome
Condition
Amniotic band syndrome (constriction ring syndrome) happens when fibrous bands of the amniotic sac get tangled around a developing fetus.
Angiofibroma
Condition
Angiofibroma is a relatively rare tumor that grows in the back of the nasal cavity. It occurs almost exclusively in adolescent boys.
Apert Syndrome
Condition
Apert syndrome, also known as acrocephalosyndactyly, is a genetic disorder that causes fusion of the skull, hands, and feet bones.
Arachnoid Cysts
Condition
Arachnoid cysts are sacs filled with spinal fluid that grow in between the brain or spinal cord and the arachnoid membrane that covers them.
Arthrogryposis
Condition
Arthrogryposis is a term used to describe conditions characterized by stiff joints and abnormally developed muscles.
Benign Skin Growths
Condition
Benign skin growths are non-cancerous bumps, spots, and lumps on the skin.
Birthmarks
Condition
Birthmarks are areas of discolored and/or raised skin that are apparent at birth or shortly thereafter.
Bone-Anchored Hearing Systems
Treatment
Bone-anchored hearing systems (BAHS) are devices used to treat ear conditions that interfere with hearing.
Breast Disorders
Condition
Breast disorders are changes that can occur in teens.
Camptodactyly
Condition
Camptodactyly is a condition in which a bent finger cannot completely straighten.
Capillary Malformation
Condition
A capillary malformation, or port-wine stain, is a kind of birthmark.
Cervical Teratoma
Condition
A cervical teratoma is a very rare congenital tumor in the neck.
Chiari Malformation
Condition
Chiari malformation is an abnormality in the back of the head where the brain and spinal cord meet.
Chondromas
Condition
Chondromas are benign (not cancerous) tumors made of cartilage that are found mostly in the small bones of the hand and feet.
Chondrosarcoma
Condition
Chondrosarcoma is a cancerous tumor that typically develops in the cartilage that coats the ends of bones and forms joints.
Cleft Hand
Condition
Cleft hand is a rare hand condition in which the center portion of a child’s hand is underdeveloped.
Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate
Condition
Cleft lip is a visible separation in the skin of the top lip. Cleft palate is incomplete development of the soft and/or hard palate.
Clinodactyly
Condition
Clinodactyly means that your child has an abnormally bent or curved finger.
Congenital Limb Differences
Condition
Congenital limb differences occur when a baby’s arm or leg does not form properly during pregnancy.
Congenital Outer Ear Anomaly
Condition
A congenital outer ear anomaly is a malformation of the outer ear.
Constricted Ear
Condition
Constricted ear — also known as cup ear or lop ear — is a malformation of the helix, or outer rim, of the ear.
Craniofacial Anomalies
Condition
Craniofacial anomalies are deformities that affect a child’s head and facial bones.
Craniopharyngioma
Condition
Craniopharyngioma is a childhood brain tumor.
Craniosynostosis
Condition
Craniosynostosis is a condition in which the fibrous connections grow together (fuse) too early.
Crouzon Syndrome
Condition
Crouzon syndrome is a complex genetic birth disorder that may affect a child’s face, skull, and teeth.
Desmoid Tumor
Condition
Desmoid tumors are thought to develop from the fibrous tissue that forms tendons and ligaments.
Dislocations
Condition
A dislocation happens when extreme force is put on a ligament and the ends of two connected bones separate.
Dysphagia in Children
Condition
Dysphagia is a term that means “difficulty swallowing.” It is the inability of food or liquids to pass easily from your child’s mouth, into the throat, and through the esophagus to the stomach during the process of swallowing.
Ear Molding
Treatment
Ear molding is a non-invasive procedure that helps correct deformities or other differences to the outer rim of cartilage (helix) of one or both of their ears.
Embolization
Treatment
Embolization is a minimally invasive, image guided treatment that involves injecting a special material or a device into a blood vessel in order to block or close it.
Encephaloceles
Condition
An encephalocele is a rare birth defect in which the tissue covering the brain, and a portion of the brain itself, protrude through openings in the skull.
Enchondroma
Condition
An enchondroma is a non-cancerous cartilage tumor that can occur in the arms and legs.
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Treatment
In endoscopic sinus surgery, microsurgical instruments open and go into the sinus cavities and clean the sinuses out.
Endoscopic Strip Craniectomy
Treatment
Endoscopic strip craniectomy is a minimally invasive procedure to treat craniosynostosis.
Endovenous Laser Ablation
Treatment
Endovenous laser ablation is a minimally invasive technique used for treating some types of vascular malformations.
Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma (EHE)
Condition
Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular tumor or anomaly that arises from the cells lining the blood vessels.
Ewing Sarcoma
Condition
Ewing sarcoma is a kind of cancer that grows in bones or soft tissues.
Facial Fractures
Condition
Facial fractures are broken bones in the face.
Facial Harmonization
Treatment
Facial harmonization involves the use of surgical techniques to modify facial features so they appear more traditionally feminine or masculine.
Facial Nerve Paralysis
Condition
Facial nerve paralysis happens when a child cannot move muscles that control smiling and blinking, among other facial movements.
Fibrosarcoma
Condition
A fibrosarcoma is a malignant (cancerous) tumor that originates in the connective fibrous tissue found at the ends of bones of the arm or legs, and then spreads to other surrounding soft tissues.
Fibrous Dysplasia
Condition
Fibrous dysplasia is a developmental abnormality that results in abnormal growth, pain, and deformity of the affected bones.
Galactorrhea
Condition
Galactorrhea is a milky discharge from the nipple of the breast in someone who is not nursing a baby.
Giant Cell Tumor
Condition
A giant cell tumor is a benign solitary tumor that usually grows in the ends of long bones, and contains unusually large cells.
Gynecomastia
Condition
Gynecomastia is a condition in which above-average amounts of breast tissue form in males.
Hamartoma
Condition
A hamartoma is an abnormal growth that's made up of the same tissue from which it grows.
Hemangiopericytoma
Condition
Hemangiopericytoma is a rare tumor that grows in the body’s soft tissue, which includes fat, muscles, tendons, nerves, blood vessels and other fibrous tissue.
Hemifacial Microsomia
Condition
Hemifacial microsomia is a condition in which half of one side of the face is underdeveloped and doesn't grow normally.
Hemihyperplasia
Condition
Hemihyperplasia is a rare condition that causes uneven growth of one part or side of the body.
Keloids
Condition
Keloids are nodules that develop on the surface of the skin following an injury or trauma to that area.
Lymphedema
Condition
Lymphedema is a chronic, progressive disease that causes swelling because of non-functioning lymphatic vessels.
Macrodactyly
Condition
Macrodactyly is an uncommon condition in which a baby's toes or fingers are abnormally large due to the overgrowth of the underlying bone and soft tissue.
Metoidioplasty
Treatment
Metoidioplasty is the surgical creation of a penis using your existing genital tissue.
Microtia
Condition
Microtia is a birth defect of a baby’s ear in which the external ear is small and not properly formed.
Oromandibular Limb Hypoplasia
Condition
Oromandibular limb hypoplasia is a group of rare conditions that involve congenital malformations of the tongue and jawbones.
Outer Ear Injury
Condition
Injuries to the outer ear, ear canal, or eardrum can be painful as well as noticeable.
Parry-Romberg Syndrome
Condition
Parry-Romberg syndrome, also call Romberg syndrome or progressive facial hemiatrophy, is a condition where the tissue of one side of the face gradually wastes away.
Peripheral Nerve Injury
Condition
Peripheral nerve injuries interfere with signals between the brain and other parts of the body.
Pfeiffer Syndrome
Condition
Pfeiffer syndrome is a complex genetic disorder in which certain bones in the skull fuse early in their development.
Phalloplasty
Treatment
Phalloplasty is the surgical creation of a penis.
Plagiocephaly
Condition
Plagiocephaly (also called deformational plagiocephaly or positional plagiocephaly) causes a baby’s head to have a flattened appearance.
Polydactyly
Condition
Polydactyly is a condition in which a baby is born with one or more extra fingers.
Radioulnar Synostosis
Condition
Radioulnar synostosis is a rare condition in which the two bones of the forearm — the radius and the ulna — are abnormally connected.
Robin Sequence
Condition
Robin sequence (aka Pierre Robin sequence) is a combination of facial differences that are present at birth.
Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome
Condition
Saethre-Chotzen syndrome is a genetic condition characterized by the premature fusion of certain skull bones, which prevents the skull from growing normally and affects the shape of the head and face.
Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome
Condition
Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is a rare, inherited bone marrow failure, characterized by a low number of white blood cells, poor growth due to difficulty absorbing food, and, in some cases, skeletal abnormalities.
Sinusitis
Condition
Sinusitis is an infection of the sinuses near the nose.
Stickler Syndrome
Condition
Stickler syndrome is a relatively common congenital condition that affects the formation of a connective tissue called collagen.
Symbrachydactyly
Condition
Symbrachydactyly is a condition of short fingers that may be webbed or joined.
Syndactyly
Condition
Syndactyly is a condition in which children are born with fused or webbed fingers.
Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction (TMD)
Condition
Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD) is when the temporomandibular joint is overexerted.
Teratoma
Condition
A teratoma is a congenital (present prior to birth) tumor formed by different types of tissue.
Thumb Duplication (Pre-Axial Polydactyly)
Condition
Children with thumb duplication have two thumbs on one hand.
Thumb Hypoplasia and Aplasia
Condition
Thumb hypoplasia means that your child’s thumb is unusually small or underdeveloped. Thumb aplasia means that your child’s thumb is missing altogether.
Torticollis
Condition
Torticollis, or wryneck, is a twisted neck. It’s relatively common in children.
Treacher Collins Syndrome
Condition
Treacher Collins syndrome is a genetic birth disorder characterized by the premature joining of certain bones of the skull during development.
Trigger Thumb
Condition
Trigger thumb refers to a thumb that catches, locks, or gets stuck in a flexed position.
Tufted Angioma
Condition
Tufted angioma is a benign (non-cancerous) vascular tumor and mild variant of Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE).
Vaginoplasty
Treatment
Vaginoplasty is a procedure in which surgeons create a vagina from your existing genital tissue.
Vascular Malformations, Tumors, and Hemangiomas
Condition
Vascular malformations are benign (non-cancerous) lesions that are present at birth, but may not become visible until weeks or months later.
Learn more about Vascular Malformations, Tumors, and Hemangiomas
Venography
Treatment
A venogram is a diagnostic procedure that uses x-ray to take pictures of the veins (blood vessels) in a specific part of the body.
Venous Malformation
Condition
A venous malformation (VM) is a bluish lesion caused by widened, abnormally shaped veins.
Wisdom Teeth Extraction
Treatment
Wisdom teeth are extracted because other teeth will have no room in the mouth to grow.