ABOUT THE RESEARCHER
OVERVIEW
Lois Smith MD, PhD, has been Professor of Ophthalmology since 2007. Dr. Smith’s research accomplishments include the development and standardization of the mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy; basic mechanisms of vascular growth and translation to the clinic via VEGF; growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor in retinopathy; the role of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and other lipids in photoreceptor metabolism driving angiogenesis; and photoreceptor energy deficiency as cause of neovascular AMD. Dr. Smith’s notable recent accomplishments include development of mitochondrial functional mapping of the retina and optic nerve, development of FGF21 as a treatment for diseases with depressed mitochondrial function including retinal degenerations (retinitis pigmentosa), AMD, diabetic retinopathy and ROP, the development of GPR40 and GPR120 as targets for improving mitochondrial function in disease, and SOCS3 as a modulator of inflammation in photoreceptor signaling.
BACKGROUND
Lois Smith received her MD from Boston University School of Medicine. She completed an internship at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, a residency at Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, and a fellowship at Children's Hospital Boston.
PUBLICATIONS
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- Effect of Enteral Lipid Supplement on Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Pediatr. 2021 Feb 01. View abstract
- Vitreous metabolomics profiling of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Diabetologia. 2021 Jan; 64(1):70-82. View abstract
- Notice of Withdrawal: Retinal Vasculature in Development and Diseases. Annu Rev Vis Sci. 2020 10 15; 0. View abstract
- Randomized Control Trial of Postnatal rhIGF-1/rhIGFBP-3 Replacement in Preterm Infants: Post-hoc Analysis of Its Effect on Brain Injury. Front Pediatr. 2020; 8:517207. View abstract
- An Ex Vivo Choroid Sprouting Assay of Ocular Microvascular Angiogenesis. J Vis Exp. 2020 08 06; (162). View abstract
- Association between low fatty acid levels and platelet count in infants with Retinopathy of Prematurity. Acta Paediatr. 2020 12; 109(12):2547-2548. View abstract
- Validation of the Retinopathy of Prematurity Activity Scale (ROP-ActS) using retrospective clinical data. Acta Ophthalmol. 2020 Jun 26. View abstract
- Free fatty acid receptor 4 activation protects against choroidal neovascularization in mice. Angiogenesis. 2020 08; 23(3):385-394. View abstract
- Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor Signaling Establishes AP-1 Gradients to Allow for Retinal Endothelial Cell Specialization. Dev Cell. 2020 03 23; 52(6):779-793.e7. View abstract
- Long-Acting FGF21 Inhibits Retinal Vascular Leakage in In Vivo and In Vitro Models. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 11; 21(4). View abstract
- Individual Risk Prediction for Sight-Threatening Retinopathy of Prematurity Using Birth Characteristics. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2019 Nov 07; 1-9. View abstract
- Pathophysiology of Diabetic Retinopathy: Contribution and Limitations of Laboratory Research. Ophthalmic Res. 2019; 62(4):196-202. View abstract
- Leucocytosis is associated with retinopathy of prematurity in extremely preterm infants. Acta Paediatr. 2019 07; 108(7):1357-1358. View abstract
- Tailored vs Static Oxygen Saturation Targets to Prevent Retinopathy of Prematurity. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2019 04 01; 137(4):423-424. View abstract
- Development of a Retinopathy of Prematurity Activity Scale and Clinical Outcome Measures for Use in Clinical Trials. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2019 03 01; 137(3):305-311. View abstract
- Review shows that donor milk does not promote the growth and development of preterm infants as well as maternal milk. Acta Paediatr. 2019 06; 108(6):998-1007. View abstract
- Association of Somatic GNAQ Mutation With Capillary Malformations in a Case of Choroidal Hemangioma. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2019 01 01; 137(1):91-95. View abstract
- rhIGF-1/rhIGFBP-3 in Preterm Infants: A Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Trial. J Pediatr. 2019 03; 206:56-65.e8. View abstract
- Erythropoietin serum levels, versus anaemia as risk factors for severe retinopathy of prematurity. Pediatr Res. 2019 08; 86(2):276-282. View abstract
- Retinal Vasculature in Development and Diseases. Annu Rev Vis Sci. 2018 09 15; 4:101-122. View abstract
- A Dosing Study of Bevacizumab for Retinopathy of Prematurity: Late Recurrences and Additional Treatments. Ophthalmology. 2018 12; 125(12):1961-1966. View abstract
- Influence of Human Milk and Parenteral Lipid Emulsions on Serum Fatty Acid Profiles in Extremely Preterm Infants. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2019 01; 43(1):152-161. View abstract
- Relation of Retinopathy of Prematurity to Brain Volumes at Term Equivalent Age and Developmental Outcome at 2 Years of Corrected Age in Very Preterm Infants. Neonatology. 2018; 114(1):46-52. View abstract
- Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids decline rapidly in milk from mothers delivering extremely preterm indicating the need for supplementation. Acta Paediatr. 2018 06; 107(6):1020-1027. View abstract
- Association of Retinopathy of Prematurity With Low Levels of Arachidonic Acid: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2018 03 01; 136(3):271-277. View abstract
- Comparing Alternative Ranibizumab Dosages for Safety and Efficacy in Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Pediatr. 2018 03 01; 172(3):278-286. View abstract
- Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Protects Photoreceptor Function in Type 1 Diabetic Mice. Diabetes. 2018 05; 67(5):974-985. View abstract
- PPARa is essential for retinal lipid metabolism and neuronal survival. BMC Biol. 2017 Nov 28; 15(1):113. View abstract
- Increased postnatal concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines are associated with reduced IGF-I levels and retinopathy of prematurity. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2018 04; 39:19-24. View abstract
- Implementing higher oxygen saturation targets reduced the impact of poor weight gain as a predictor for retinopathy of prematurity. Acta Paediatr. 2018 05; 107(5):767-773. View abstract
- VEGF amplifies transcription through ETS1 acetylation to enable angiogenesis. Nat Commun. 2017 08 29; 8(1):383. View abstract
- Adiponectin Mediates Dietary Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Protection Against Choroidal Neovascularization in Mice. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2017 08 01; 58(10):3862-3870. View abstract
- Cerebellar Exposure to Cell-Free Hemoglobin Following Preterm Intraventricular Hemorrhage: Causal in Cerebellar Damage? Transl Stroke Res. 2017 Jun 10. View abstract
- Assessment of Lower Doses of Intravitreous Bevacizumab for Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Phase 1 Dosing Study. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2017 06 01; 135(6):654-656. View abstract
- Effects of a lipid emulsion containing fish oil on polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles, growth and morbidities in extremely premature infants: A randomized controlled trial. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2017 Aug; 20:17-23. View abstract
- Inflammatory signals from photoreceptor modulate pathological retinal angiogenesis via c-Fos. J Exp Med. 2017 06 05; 214(6):1753-1767. View abstract
- Special Commentary: Early Clinical Development of Cell Replacement Therapy: Considerations for the National Eye Institute Audacious Goals Initiative. Ophthalmology. 2017 07; 124(7):926-934. View abstract
- Sema3f Protects Against Subretinal Neovascularization In Vivo. EBioMedicine. 2017 Apr; 18:281-287. View abstract
- FGF21 Administration Suppresses Retinal and Choroidal Neovascularization in Mice. Cell Rep. 2017 02 14; 18(7):1606-1613. View abstract
- IGF-1 as a Drug for Preterm Infants: A Step-Wise Clinical Development. Curr Pharm Des. 2017; 23(38):5964-5970. View abstract
- Fenofibrate Inhibits Cytochrome P450 Epoxygenase 2C Activity to Suppress Pathological Ocular Angiogenesis. EBioMedicine. 2016 Nov; 13:201-211. View abstract
- IGF-I in the clinics: Use in retinopathy of prematurity. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2016 Oct - Dec; 30-31:75-80. View abstract
- IGF-1 in retinopathy of prematurity, a CNS neurovascular disease. Early Hum Dev. 2016 11; 102:13-19. View abstract
- Aggressive Posterior Retinopathy of Prematurity Is Associated with Multiple Infectious Episodes and Thrombocytopenia. Neonatology. 2017; 111(1):79-85. View abstract
- Role of Insulinlike Growth Factor 1 in Fetal Development and in the Early Postnatal Life of Premature Infants. Am J Perinatol. 2016 09; 33(11):1067-71. View abstract
- Neurovascular cross talk in diabetic retinopathy: Pathophysiological roles and therapeutic implications. . 2016 09 01; 311(3):H738-49. View abstract
- Cytochrome P450 Oxidase 2C Inhibition Adds to ?-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Protection Against Retinal and Choroidal Neovascularization. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2016 09; 36(9):1919-27. View abstract
- Corrigendum: Retinal lipid and glucose metabolism dictates angiogenesis through the lipid sensor Ffar1. Nat Med. 2016 06 07; 22(6):692. View abstract
- Review: adiponectin in retinopathy. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016 08; 1862(8):1392-400. View abstract
- Retinal lipid and glucose metabolism dictates angiogenesis through the lipid sensor Ffar1. Nat Med. 2016 Apr; 22(4):439-45. View abstract
- Insulin-like growth factor 1 has multisystem effects on foetal and preterm infant development. Acta Paediatr. 2016 Jun; 105(6):576-86. View abstract
- The Eyes Absent Proteins in Developmental and Pathological Angiogenesis. Am J Pathol. 2016 Mar; 186(3):568-78. View abstract
- SOCS3 in retinal neurons and glial cells suppresses VEGF signaling to prevent pathological neovascular growth. Sci Signal. 2015 Sep 22; 8(395):ra94. View abstract
- Serum concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor in relation to retinopathy of prematurity. Pediatr Res. 2016 Jan; 79(1-1):70-5. View abstract
- Optimization of an Image-Guided Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization Model in Mice. PLoS One. 2015; 10(7):e0132643. View abstract
- Hypoxia-induced expression of phosducin-like 3 regulates expression of VEGFR-2 and promotes angiogenesis. Angiogenesis. 2015 Oct; 18(4):449-62. View abstract
- Netrin-1 - DCC Signaling Systems and Age-Related Macular Degeneration. PLoS One. 2015; 10(5):e0125548. View abstract
- Effect of Preterm Birth on Postnatal Apolipoprotein and Adipocytokine Profiles. Neonatology. 2015; 108(1):16-22. View abstract
- Dietary ?-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease retinal neovascularization by adipose-endoplasmic reticulum stress reduction to increase adiponectin. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Apr; 101(4):879-88. View abstract
- Low birth weight is a risk factor for severe retinopathy of prematurity depending on gestational age. PLoS One. 2014; 9(10):e109460. View abstract
- Insulin-like growth factor-1 and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor in retinopathy of prematurity: has the time come? Neonatology. 2014; 106(3):254-60. View abstract
- Omega-3 supplementation combined with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor lowers vitreal levels of vascular endothelial growth factor in wet age-related macular degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol. 2014 Nov; 158(5):1071-78. View abstract
- Weight at first detection of retinopathy of prematurity predicts disease severity. Br J Ophthalmol. 2014 Nov; 98(11):1565-9. View abstract
- Cytochrome P450 2C8 ?3-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolites increase mouse retinal pathologic neovascularization--brief report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2014 Mar; 34(3):581-6. View abstract
- Sirtuin1 over-expression does not impact retinal vascular and neuronal degeneration in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy. PLoS One. 2014; 9(1):e85031. View abstract
- WINROP identifies severe retinopathy of prematurity at an early stage in a nation-based cohort of extremely preterm infants. PLoS One. 2013; 8(9):e73256. View abstract
- Neuronal sirtuin1 mediates retinal vascular regeneration in oxygen-induced ischemic retinopathy. Angiogenesis. 2013 Oct; 16(4):985-92. View abstract
- Choroid sprouting assay: an ex vivo model of microvascular angiogenesis. PLoS One. 2013; 8(7):e69552. View abstract
- Retinopathy of prematurity. Lancet. 2013 Oct 26; 382(9902):1445-57. View abstract
- The biology of retinopathy of prematurity: how knowledge of pathogenesis guides treatment. Clin Perinatol. 2013 Jun; 40(2):201-14. View abstract
- Semaphorin 3F forms an anti-angiogenic barrier in outer retina. FEBS Lett. 2013 Jun 05; 587(11):1650-5. View abstract
- Altered cholesterol homeostasis in aged macrophages linked to neovascular macular degeneration. Cell Metab. 2013 Apr 02; 17(4):471-2. View abstract
- Nutrition, insulin-like growth factor-1 and retinopathy of prematurity. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013 Jun; 18(3):136-142. View abstract
- DNA sequence variants in PPARGC1A, a gene encoding a coactivator of the ?-3 LCPUFA sensing PPAR-RXR transcription complex, are associated with NV AMD and AMD-associated loci in genes of complement and VEGF signaling pathways. PLoS One. 2013; 8(1):e53155. View abstract
- Author response: Different efficacy of propranolol in mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy: could differential effects of propranolol be related to differences in mouse strains? Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012 Nov 19; 53(12):7728-9. View abstract
- Longitudinal infusion of a complex of insulin-like growth factor-I and IGF-binding protein-3 in five preterm infants: pharmacokinetics and short-term safety. Pediatr Res. 2013 Jan; 73(1):68-74. View abstract
- Importance of early postnatal weight gain for normal retinal angiogenesis in very preterm infants: a multicenter study analyzing weight velocity deviations for the prediction of retinopathy of prematurity. Arch Ophthalmol. 2012 Aug; 130(8):992-9. View abstract
- LRP5 regulates development of lung microvessels and alveoli through the angiopoietin-Tie2 pathway. PLoS One. 2012; 7(7):e41596. View abstract
- SOCS3 is an endogenous inhibitor of pathologic angiogenesis. Blood. 2012 Oct 04; 120(14):2925-9. View abstract
- Propranolol inhibition of ß-adrenergic receptor does not suppress pathologic neovascularization in oxygen-induced retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012 May 17; 53(6):2968-77. View abstract
- Protective inflammasome activation in AMD. Nat Med. 2012 May 04; 18(5):658-60. View abstract
- Retinal expression of Wnt-pathway mediated genes in low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (Lrp5) knockout mice. PLoS One. 2012; 7(1):e30203. View abstract
- Wnt signaling mediates pathological vascular growth in proliferative retinopathy. Circulation. 2011 Oct 25; 124(17):1871-81. View abstract
- Restraint of angiogenesis by zinc finger transcription factor CTCF-dependent chromatin insulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Sep 13; 108(37):15231-6. View abstract
- Ghrelin modulates physiologic and pathologic retinal angiogenesis through GHSR-1a. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 Jul 23; 52(8):5376-86. View abstract
- Maternal and neonatal factors associated with poor early weight gain and later retinopathy of prematurity. Acta Paediatr. 2011 Dec; 100(12):1528-33. View abstract
- Resveratrol inhibits pathologic retinal neovascularization in Vldlr(-/-) mice. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 Apr; 52(5):2809-16. View abstract
- Current update on retinopathy of prematurity: screening and treatment. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2011 Apr; 23(2):173-8. View abstract
- Lipid metabolites in the pathogenesis and treatment of neovascular eye disease. Br J Ophthalmol. 2011 Nov; 95(11):1496-501. View abstract
- Ischemic neurons prevent vascular regeneration of neural tissue by secreting semaphorin 3A. Blood. 2011 Jun 02; 117(22):6024-35. View abstract
- 5-Lipoxygenase metabolite 4-HDHA is a mediator of the antiangiogenic effect of ?-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Sci Transl Med. 2011 Feb 09; 3(69):69ra12. View abstract
- Analysis of candidate genes for macular telangiectasia type 2. Mol Vis. 2010 Dec 14; 16:2718-26. View abstract
- Postnatal weight gain modifies severity and functional outcome of oxygen-induced proliferative retinopathy. Am J Pathol. 2010 Dec; 177(6):2715-23. View abstract
- Predicting proliferative retinopathy in a Brazilian population of preterm infants with the screening algorithm WINROP. Arch Ophthalmol. 2010 Nov; 128(11):1432-6. View abstract
- Vitreal levels of erythropoietin are increased in patients with retinal vein occlusion and correlate with vitreal VEGF and the extent of macular edema. Retina. 2010 Oct; 30(9):1524-9. View abstract
- Calpain inhibitors reduce retinal hypoxia in ischemic retinopathy by improving neovascular architecture and functional perfusion. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011 Apr; 1812(4):549-57. View abstract
- Moderate GSK-3ß inhibition improves neovascular architecture, reduces vascular leakage, and reduces retinal hypoxia in a model of ischemic retinopathy. Angiogenesis. 2010 Sep; 13(3):269-77. View abstract
- An eye for discovery. J Clin Invest. 2010 Sep; 120(9):3008-11. View abstract
- SIRT1 is essential for normal cognitive function and synaptic plasticity. J Neurosci. 2010 Jul 21; 30(29):9695-707. View abstract
- Short communication: PPAR gamma mediates a direct antiangiogenic effect of omega 3-PUFAs in proliferative retinopathy. Circ Res. 2010 Aug 20; 107(4):495-500. View abstract
- The mouse retina as an angiogenesis model. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010 Jun; 51(6):2813-26. View abstract
- High or low oxygen saturation and severe retinopathy of prematurity: a meta-analysis. Pediatrics. 2010 Jun; 125(6):e1483-92. View abstract
- Longitudinal postnatal weight measurements for the prediction of retinopathy of prematurity. Arch Ophthalmol. 2010 Apr; 128(4):443-7. View abstract
- Quantification of oxygen-induced retinopathy in the mouse: a model of vessel loss, vessel regrowth and pathological angiogenesis. Nat Protoc. 2009; 4(11):1565-73. View abstract
- A pharmacokinetic and dosing study of intravenous insulin-like growth factor-I and IGF-binding protein-3 complex to preterm infants. Pediatr Res. 2009 May; 65(5):574-9. View abstract
- Validation of a new retinopathy of prematurity screening method monitoring longitudinal postnatal weight and insulinlike growth factor I. Arch Ophthalmol. 2009 May; 127(5):622-7. View abstract
- Early weight gain predicts retinopathy in preterm infants: new, simple, efficient approach to screening. Pediatrics. 2009 Apr; 123(4):e638-45. View abstract
- Retinopathy of prematurity: current concepts in molecular pathogenesis. Semin Ophthalmol. 2009 Mar-Apr; 24(2):77-81. View abstract
- Emerging treatments for retinopathy of prematurity. Semin Ophthalmol. 2009 Mar-Apr; 24(2):82-6. View abstract
- A mechanosensitive transcriptional mechanism that controls angiogenesis. Nature. 2009 Feb 26; 457(7233):1103-8. View abstract
- Quantification and localization of the IGF/insulin system expression in retinal blood vessels and neurons during oxygen-induced retinopathy in mice. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009 Apr; 50(4):1831-7. View abstract
- Suppression of retinal neovascularization by erythropoietin siRNA in a mouse model of proliferative retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009 Mar; 50(3):1329-35. View abstract
- Use of Bayesian networks to probabilistically model and improve the likelihood of validation of microarray findings by RT-PCR. J Biomed Inform. 2009 Apr; 42(2):287-95. View abstract
- Through the eyes of a child: understanding retinopathy through ROP the Friedenwald lecture. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008 Dec; 49(12):5177-82. View abstract
- A double-edged sword: erythropoietin eyed in retinopathy of prematurity. J AAPOS. 2008 Jun; 12(3):221-2. View abstract
- Erythropoietin deficiency decreases vascular stability in mice. J Clin Invest. 2008 Feb; 118(2):526-33. View abstract
- Overstaying their welcome: defective CX3CR1 microglia eyed in macular degeneration. J Clin Invest. 2007 Oct; 117(10):2758-62. View abstract
- Increased dietary intake of omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids reduces pathological retinal angiogenesis. Nat Med. 2007 Jul; 13(7):868-873. View abstract
- IGFBP3 suppresses retinopathy through suppression of oxygen-induced vessel loss and promotion of vascular regrowth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jun 19; 104(25):10589-94. View abstract
- Retinopathy of prematurity. Angiogenesis. 2007; 10(2):133-40. View abstract
- Longitudinal postnatal weight and insulin-like growth factor I measurements in the prediction of retinopathy of prematurity. Arch Ophthalmol. 2006 Dec; 124(12):1711-8. View abstract
- Postnatal head growth deficit among premature infants parallels retinopathy of prematurity and insulin-like growth factor-1 deficit. Pediatrics. 2006 Jun; 117(6):1930-8. View abstract
- Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Retinopathy of Prematurity: an update on ROP from the lab to the nursery (November 2003, Anaheim, California). Mol Vis. 2006 May 23; 12:532-80. View abstract
- A radically twisted lipid regulates vascular death. Nat Med. 2005 Dec; 11(12):1275-6. View abstract
- Quantitative multi-gene transcriptional profiling using real-time PCR with a master template. Exp Mol Pathol. 2005 Aug; 79(1):14-22. View abstract
- Pigment epithelium-derived factor is a substrate for matrix metalloproteinase type 2 and type 9: implications for downregulation in hypoxia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 Aug; 46(8):2736-47. View abstract
- IGF-1 and retinopathy of prematurity in the preterm infant. Biol Neonate. 2005; 88(3):237-44. View abstract
- Periorbital lymphatic malformation: clinical course and management in 42 patients. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2005 Jan; 115(1):22-30. View abstract
- Mechanical stretch is a highly selective regulator of gene expression in human bladder smooth muscle cells. Physiol Genomics. 2004 Dec 15; 20(1):36-44. View abstract
- Bone marrow-derived stem cells preserve cone vision in retinitis pigmentosa. J Clin Invest. 2004 Sep; 114(6):755-7. View abstract
- Can we restore aspects of the in utero environment in premature infants to prevent disease? Pediatrics. 2004 Aug; 114(2):491. View abstract
- Pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2004 Jun; 14 Suppl A:S140-4. View abstract
- Transforming growth factor beta1 induction of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1: mechanism of pericyte-induced vascular survival in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Dec 23; 100(26):15859-64. View abstract
- Pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity. Semin Neonatol. 2003 Dec; 8(6):469-73. View abstract
- Adipose tissue growth and regression are regulated by angiopoietin-1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003 Nov 21; 311(3):563-71. View abstract
- Postnatal serum insulin-like growth factor I deficiency is associated with retinopathy of prematurity and other complications of premature birth. Pediatrics. 2003 Nov; 112(5):1016-20. View abstract
- Selective stimulation of VEGFR-1 prevents oxygen-induced retinal vascular degeneration in retinopathy of prematurity. J Clin Invest. 2003 Jul; 112(1):50-7. View abstract
- Inhibition of the mammary carcinoma angiogenic switch in C3(1)/SV40 transgenic mice by a mutated form of human endostatin. Int J Cancer. 2002 Sep 20; 101(3):224-34. View abstract
- Stem cells go for the eyes. Nat Med. 2002 Sep; 8(9):932-4. View abstract
- IGF-I is critical for normal vascularization of the human retina. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Jul; 87(7):3413-6. View abstract
- Molecular profiling of angiogenesis markers. Am J Pathol. 2002 Jul; 161(1):35-41. View abstract
- RP-forme fruste. J Perinatol. 2002 Apr-May; 22(3):257; author reply 257-8. View abstract
- Pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity. Acta Paediatr Suppl. 2002; 91(437):26-8. View abstract
- Heat shock protein 90 in retinal ganglion cells: association with axonally transported proteins. Vis Neurosci. 2001 May-Jun; 18(3):429-36. View abstract
- Nonvascular role for VEGF: VEGFR-1, 2 activity is critical for neural retinal development. FASEB J. 2001 May; 15(7):1215-7. View abstract
- Low IGF-I suppresses VEGF-survival signaling in retinal endothelial cells: direct correlation with clinical retinopathy of prematurity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 May 08; 98(10):5804-8. View abstract
- Angiogenesis as a potential biomarker in prostate cancer chemoprevention trials. Urology. 2001 Apr; 57(4 Suppl 1):143-7. View abstract
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- Progressive juvenile onset punctate cataracts caused by mutation of the gamma D crystalline gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1999; 96(3):1008-1012. View abstract
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- Histopathology and vascular endothelial growth factor in untreated and diode laser-treated retinopathy of prematurity. J AAPOS. 1997 Jun; 1(2):105-10. View abstract
- Regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor by oxygen in a model of retinopathy of prematurity. Arch Ophthalmol. 1996 Oct; 114(10):1219-28. View abstract
- Oligodeoxynucleotides inhibit retinal neovascularization in a murine model of proliferative retinopathy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 May 14; 93(10):4851-6. View abstract
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