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Flower What is a Pediatric Hematologist/Oncologist?
A pediatric hematologist/oncologist is a specialist who treats children and adolescents with blood diseases or cancer. They are specially trained to work with young patients as well as in both hematology (the study of blood) and oncology (the study of cancer) in children.

What training must pediatric hematologist/oncologists complete?
Pediatric hematologist/oncologists are medical doctors who have completed 4 years of medical school. In addition, they must have:

  • Completed 3 years of residency training in pediatrics
  • Completed 3 years of specialized training in pediatric hematology/oncology
What conditions to pediatric hematologist/oncologists treat?
Pediatric hematologist/oncologists diagnose, treat and provide ongoing health care for children and adolescents with:
  • Non-cancerous blood disorders affecting white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets. Examples include sickle cell anemia and thalassemia.
  • All forms of childhood cancers. This includes blood cancers, like leukemia and lymphoma, as well as all types of solid tumors, such as brain tumors, soft tissue tumors and bone tumors.
  • Bleeding and immunodeficiency disorders, like hemophilia and severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome.
Although trained to treat both blood disorders and cancer, many pediatric hematologist/oncologists will select a focus and treat patients with one group of conditions.

In addition, some pediatric hematologist/oncologists become stem cell transplantation experts. Stem cell transplantation is a complex treatment involving hematopoietic stem cells, the specific type of cell from which all blood cells develop to help restore normal blood production in children whose own ability to make any or all of these blood cells has been compromised.

Why is it important my child receive care from a pediatric hematologist/oncologist?
Pediatric hematologist/oncologists are specially trained to treat children with blood disorders and cancer, some of which exclusively appear in the early years of life.

Children are not little adults, and they should receive medical care from a physician who understands the developmental stages the human body as well as how interact with young patients. In addition, pediatric hematologists/oncologists have formal training to treat childhood forms of blood disorders and cancer. Not only do children have different blood disorders and cancers than adults but children also tolerate treatments differently than adults.

In most cases, children with blood disorders or cancer require medical care for several body systems and organs. Because of this, it is also important your child be treated through a pediatric program, like Dana-Farber/Children's Hospital Cancer Care, where your child's pediatric hematologist/oncologist can work with pediatric experts from other specialty areas (cardiology, endocrinology, neurology, etc.) who can provide supportive care as needed.

Dana-Farber/Children's Hospital Cancer Care
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