Diagnosing neuroblastoma requires a complete medical history and physical examination. Some of the diagnostic procedures we will perform include:
Blood tests - including a complete blood count, blood chemistries, kidney and liver function tests.
Urine test to measure chemicals (called HVA and VMA) that are made by neuroblastoma cells.
A combination of imaging studies to evaluate the size and location of the primary tumor and determine extent/location of any metastases.
Possible imaging studies that will be done include:
Computerized tomography scan (also called CT or CAT scan) - an imaging procedure that uses a combination of X-rays and computer technology to produce cross-sectional images of the body. A CT scan shows us detailed images of any part of the body, including the bones, muscles, fat and organs. CT scans are more detailed than general X-rays.
Magnetic resonance imaging (also called MRI) scan - a diagnostic procedure that uses a combination of large magnets, radiofrequencies and a computer to produce detailed images of organs and structures within the body.
Bone scan - nuclear medicine study where pictures are taken of the bone after a dye has been injected into a vein that is absorbed by bone tissue. This test is used to detect spread of neuroblastoma to the bones.
MIBG scan - MIBG is a chemical that is absorbed by most neuroblastoma cells. This is a nuclear medicine study where pictures are taken after MIBG is injected into a vein. This test is used to detect spread of neuroblastoma to the bones and other tissues and is more sensitive than a bone scan.
Bone marrow biopsy and/or aspiration - a procedure that involves taking a small amount of bone marrow fluid and tissue, usually from the hip bones, to determine whether neuroblastoma cells have spread to the bone marrow.
Biopsy - a sample taken of the primary tumor and/or metastatic lesions to confirm the diagnosis of neuroblastoma and to do special studies on the tumor described below.
Children's Hospital Boston is the primary pediatric teaching hospital of Harvard Medical School
