|
Acquired aplastic anemia in children can occur for no known cause (idiopathic), or as the result of another illness or condition. A history of some infectious diseases such as hepatitis, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); autoimmune illnesses such as lupus; exposure to toxins such as heavy metals and high doses of radiation; and certain medications can lead to bone marrow failure.
Inherited bone marrow failure (IBMF) results from a genetic illness or disorder that interferes with normal marrow function. Although many of these disorders are inherited, in some patients a malfunctioning gene may have arisen spontaneously. These conditions may also involve other congenital abnormalities including short stature or abnormal thumbs, nails, or kidneys. Patients with some types of IBMF are also at increased risk of developing cancers, especially leukemia or solid tumors.
Inherited disorders that can cause bone marrow failure include:
|
