Ophthalmology

Some of our recent research includes:

New methods for early detection of misaligned eyes
Sometimes when a child's eyes cross, the problem is obvious. Other times, when the eye alignment is only slightly off, strabismus can go undetected because it is difficult for pediatricians to detect small angles of misalignment. Yet if the misalignment goes undetected, the brain doesn't learn how to see properly from the misaligned eye and a child can develop subnormal vision, a condition known as amblyopia (lazy eye). It is estimated that up to 500,000 preschool children with this condition remain undiagnosed and untreated. In these difficult to detect cases, new methods for early detection are essential.

Researchers at Children's have developed remote sensing scanners that can screen children as young as 2 years old, and detect even slight misalignment of the eyes. Perfecting this technology will allow pediatricians across the country to perform a quick screening exam while the child, unaware of testing, gazes at a winking smiley face for a few seconds.

Researchers at Children's have identified several of the genes mutated in these disorders. Clinical trials are being planned to advance the understanding of these genes. Using powerful MRI scanners researchers are also developing an orbital imaging center to map the pathway of nerve to muscle. For more information about these studies and how to participate, see the Engle Laboratory.

Amblyopia Treatment Study
The Department of Ophthalmology is a designated research site for the Pediatric Eye Disease Investigations Group (PEDIG), a collaborative network funded by the National Eye Institute that facilitates multicenter clinical research in eye disorders that affect children. The department is currently investigating the efficacy of patching therapy to treat children between the ages of 7-13 years who have amblyopia (lazy eye) which results in decreased visual acuity.

Patching therapy is a method of occlusion of the "good" eye with a goal of improving the acuity in the fellow eye. It is widely known that visual acuity can be improved by this method in young children with amblyopia, but opinions differ as to whether it is useful in children between the 7-13 age group, when children reach a certain point of ophthalmic maturity. The Amblyopia Treatment Study is looking at large volumes of children at numerous sites throughout the country to determine definitively whether patching can be used as a method of treatment for older children. More information from the Pediatric Eyes Investigator Group.

Babies with cataract
Children's Hospital Boston's Ophthalmology Department is part of a multi-eye center study to determine how best to treat infants once the cataract is removed with the goal of attaining normal vision: contact lenses or surgical placement of a plastic lens called intra-ocular lens. The Infant Aphakia Treatment Study aims to determine which of these two methods is the best method to focus the eyes of babies following cataract surgery. The study will follow infants between the ages of 4 weeks and 7 months who were treated for catacts for five years.