Research Faculty

Larry Benowitz, PhD

Benowitz Lab Publications

  • Benowitz, LI, and Carmichael, ST (2010) Promoting axonal rewiring to improve outcome after stroke, Neurobiol Dis., 37, 259-266 (in press.)
     
  • Cui, Q, Yin, Y, and Benowitz, LI (2009) The role of macrophages in optic nerve regeneration, Neuroscience 158, 1039-1048.
     
  • Lorber, B, Howe, ML, Benowitz, LI, and Irwin, N (2009) Mst3b, an Ste20-like kinase, regulates axon regeneration in mature CNS and PNS pathways, Nat Neurosci 12, 1407-1414.
     
  • Yin, Y, Cui, Q, Gilbert, HY, Yang, Y, Yang, Z, Berlinicke, C, Li, Z, Zaverucha-do-Valle, C, He, H, Petkova, V, Zack, DJ, and Benowitz, LI (2009) Oncomodulin links inflammation to optic nerve regeneration, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106, 19587-19592.
     
  • Zai, L, Ferrari, C, Subbaiah, S, Havton, LA, Coppola, G, Strittmatter, S, Irwin, N, Geschwind, D, and Benowitz, LI (2009) Inosine alters gene expression and axonal projections in neurons contralateral to a cortical infarct and improves skilled use of the impaired limb, J Neurosci 29, 8187-8197.
     
  • Seijffers, R, and Benowitz, LI (2009) Intrinsic determinants of axon regeneration, in J. K. a. M. Tuszynski ed, CNS Regeneration: Basic Science and Clinical Advances (Academic Press/Elsevier, New York, Amsterdam) 2-41.
     
  • Benowitz, L, and Yin, Y (2008) Rewiring the injured CNS: lessons from the optic nerve, Exp Neurol 209, 389-398.
     
  • Cui, Q, Benowitz, L, and Yin, Y (2008) Does CNTF mediate the effect of intraocular inflammation on optic nerve regeneration?, Brain 131, e96; author reply e97.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, and Yin, Y (2007) Combinatorial treatments for promoting axon regeneration in the CNS: strategies for overcoming inhibitory signals and activating neurons' intrinsic growth state, Dev Neurobiol 67, 1148-1165.
     
  • Nakazawa, T, Hisatomi, T, Nakazawa, C, Noda, K, Maruyama, K, She, H, Matsubara, A, Miyahara, S, Nakao, S, Yin, Y, Benowitz, L, Hafezi-Moghadam, A, and Miller, JW (2007) Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 mediates retinal detachment-induced photoreceptor apoptosis, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104, 2425-2430.
     
  • Irwin, N, Li, YM, O'Toole, JE, and Benowitz, LI (2006) Mst3b, a purine-sensitive Ste20-like protein kinase, regulates axon outgrowth, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103, 18320-18325.
     
  • Nakazawa, T, Nakazawa, C, Matsubara, A, Noda, K, Hisatomi, T, She, H, Michaud, N, Hafezi-Moghadam, A, Miller, JW, and Benowitz, LI (2006) Tumor necrosis factor-alpha mediates oligodendrocyte death and delayed retinal ganglion cell loss in a mouse model of glaucoma, J Neurosci 26, 12633-12641.
     
  • Piantino, J, Burdick, JA, Goldberg, D, Langer, R, and Benowitz, LI (2006) An injectable, biodegradable hydrogel for trophic factor delivery enhances axonal rewiring and improves performance after spinal cord injury, Exp Neurol 201, 359-367.
     
  • Yin, Y, Henzl, MT, Lorber, B, Nakazawa, T, Thomas, TT, Jiang, F, Langer, R, and Benowitz, LI (2006) Oncomodulin is a macrophage-derived signal for axon regeneration in retinal ganglion cells, Nat Neurosci 9, 843-852.
     
  • Fischer, D, He, Z, and Benowitz, LI (2004) Counteracting the Nogo receptor enhances optic nerve regeneration if retinal ganglion cells are in an active growth state, J Neurosci 24, 1646-1651.
     
  • Fischer, D, Petkova, V, Thanos, S, and Benowitz, LI (2004) Switching mature retinal ganglion cells to a robust growth state in vivo: gene expression and synergy with RhoA inactivation, J Neurosci 24, 8726-8740.
     
  • Li, Y, Irwin, N, Yin, Y, Lanser, M, and Benowitz, LI (2003) Axon regeneration in goldfish and rat retinal ganglion cells: differential responsiveness to carbohydrates and cAMP, J Neurosci 23, 7830-7838.
     
  • Yin, Y, Cui, Q, Li, Y, Irwin, N, Fischer, D, Harvey, AR, and Benowitz, LI (2003) Macrophage-derived factors stimulate optic nerve regeneration, J Neurosci 23, 2284-2293.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, Goldberg, DE, and Irwin, N (2002) Inosine stimulates axon growth in vitro and in the adult CNS, Prog Brain Res 137, 389-399.
     
  • Chen, P, Goldberg, DE, Kolb, B, Lanser, M, and Benowitz, LI (2002) Inosine induces axonal rewiring and improves behavioral outcome after stroke, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99, 9031-9036.
     
  • Irwin, N, Chao, S, Goritchenko, L, Horiuchi, A, Greengard, P, Nairn, AC, and Benowitz, LI (2002) Nerve growth factor controls GAP-43 mRNA stability via the phosphoprotein ARPP-19, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99, 12427-12431.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, Goldberg, DE, and Irwin, N (2001) A purine-sensitive mechanism regulates the molecular program for axon growth, Restor Neurol Neurosci 19, 41-49.
     
  • Kim, HA, Pomeroy, SL, Whoriskey, W, Pawlitzky, I, Benowitz, LI, Sicinski, P, Stiles, CD, and Roberts, TM (2000) A developmentally regulated switch directs regenerative growth of Schwann cells through cyclin D1, Neuron 26, 405-416.
     
  • Leon, S, Yin, Y, Nguyen, J, Irwin, N, and Benowitz, LI (2000) Lens injury stimulates axon regeneration in the mature rat optic nerve, J Neurosci 20, 4615-4626.
     
  • Petrausch, B, Tabibiazar, R, Roser, T, Jing, Y, Goldman, D, Stuermer, CA, Irwin, N, and Benowitz, LI (2000) A purine-sensitive pathway regulates multiple genes involved in axon regeneration in goldfish retinal ganglion cells, J Neurosci 20, 8031-8041.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, Goldberg, DE, Madsen, JR, Soni, D, and Irwin, N (1999) Inosine stimulates extensive axon collateral growth in the rat corticospinal tract after injury, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96, 13486-13490.
     
  • Jo, SA, Wang, E, and Benowitz, LI (1999) Ciliary neurotrophic factor is an axogenesis factor for retinal ganglion cells, Neuroscience 89, 579-591.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, Jing, Y, Tabibiazar, R, Jo, SA, Petrausch, B, Stuermer, CA, Rosenberg, PA, and Irwin, N (1998) Axon outgrowth is regulated by an intracellular purine-sensitive mechanism in retinal ganglion cells, J Biol Chem 273, 29626-29634.
     
  • Madsen, JR, MacDonald, P, Irwin, N, Goldberg, DE, Yao, GL, Meiri, KF, Rimm, IJ, Stieg, PE, and Benowitz, LI (1998) Tacrolimus (FK506) increases neuronal expression of GAP-43 and improves functional recovery after spinal cord injury in rats, Exp Neurol 154, 673-683.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, and Routtenberg, A (1997) GAP-43: an intrinsic determinant of neuronal development and plasticity, Trends Neurosci 20, 84-91.
     
  • Irwin, N, Baekelandt, V, Goritchenko, L, and Benowitz, LI (1997) Identification of two proteins that bind to a pyrimidine-rich sequence in the 3'-untranslated region of GAP-43 mRNA, Nucleic Acids Res 25, 1281-1288.
     
  • Kawamata, T, Dietrich, WD, Schallert, T, Gotts, JE, Cocke, RR, Benowitz, LI, and Finklestein, SP (1997) Intracisternal basic fibroblast growth factor enhances functional recovery and up-regulates the expression of a molecular marker of neuronal sprouting following focal cerebral infarction, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94, 8179-8184.
     
  • Chao, S, Benowitz, LI, Krainc, D, and Irwin, N (1996) Use of a two-hybrid system to investigate molecular interactions of GAP-43, Brain Res Mol Brain Res 40, 195-202.
     
  • Bizzozero, NI, Sower, AC, Bird, ED, Benowitz, LI, Ivins, KJ, and Neve, RL (1996) Levels of the growth-associated protein GAP-43 are selectively increased in association cortices in schizophrenia, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93, 14182-14187.
     
  • Schwalb, JM, Gu, MF, Stuermer, C, Bastmeyer, M, Hu, GF, Boulis, N, Irwin, N, and Benowitz, LI (1996) Optic nerve glia secrete a low-molecular-weight factor that stimulates retinal ganglion cells to regenerate axons in goldfish, Neuroscience 72, 901-910.
     
  • Lu, CR, Meng, FT, Benowitz, LI, and Ju, G (1995) Evidence for axonal sprouting in the anterior pituitary following adrenalectomy in the rat, J Endocrinol 147, 161-166.
     
  • Schwalb, JM, Boulis, NM, Gu, MF, Winickoff, J, Jackson, PS, Irwin, N, and Benowitz, LI (1995) Two factors secreted by the goldfish optic nerve induce retinal ganglion cells to regenerate axons in culture, J Neurosci 15, 5514-5525.
     
  • Shea, TB, and Benowitz, LI (1995) Inhibition of neurite outgrowth following intracellular delivery of anti-GAP-43 antibodies depends upon culture conditions and method of neurite induction, J Neurosci Res 41, 347-354.
     
  • Chong, MS, Reynolds, ML, Irwin, N, Coggeshall, RE, Emson, PC, Benowitz, LI, and Woolf, CJ (1994) GAP-43 expression in primary sensory neurons following central axotomy, J Neurosci 14, 4375-4384.
     
  • Meyer, RL, Miotke, JA, and Benowitz, LI (1994) Injury induced expression of growth-associated protein-43 in adult mouse retinal ganglion cells in vitro, Neuroscience 63, 591-602.
     
  • Moya, KL, Benowitz, LI, Schneider, GE, and Allinquant, B (1994) The amyloid precursor protein is developmentally regulated and correlated with synaptogenesis, Dev Biol 161, 597-603.
     
  • Paden, CM, Moffett, CW, and Benowitz, LI (1994) Innervation of the rat anterior and neurointermediate pituitary visualized by immunocytochemistry for the growth-associated protein GAP-43, Endocrinology 134, 503-506.
     
  • Kinney, HC, Rava, LA, and Benowitz, LI (1993) Anatomic distribution of the growth-associated protein GAP-43 in the developing human brainstem, J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 52, 39-54.
     
  • Schaechter, JD, and Benowitz, LI (1993) Activation of protein kinase C by arachidonic acid selectively enhances the phosphorylation of GAP-43 in nerve terminal membranes, J Neurosci 13, 4361-4371.
     
  • Dunn-Meynell, AA, Benowitz, LI, and Levin, BE (1992) Vibrissectomy induced changes in GAP-43 immunoreactivity in the adult rat barrel cortex, J Comp Neurol 315, 160-170.
     
  • Gossels, JM, Lewis, SE, Perrone-Bizzozero, NI, and Benowitz, LI (1992) Changes in chromatin proteins during optic nerve regeneration in the goldfish, J Neurosci Res 33, 112-121.
     
  • Moya, KL, Benowitz, LI, Sabel, BA, and Schneider, GE (1992) Changes in rapidly transported proteins associated with development of abnormal projections in the diencephalon, Brain Res 586, 265-272.
     
  • Winter, J, Evison, CJ, O'Brien, C, Benowitz, L, Lindsay, RM, Mulderry, P, and Woolf, C (1992) Neurotoxic damage evokes regenerative responses from adult rat sensory neurones, Neurosci Lett 146, 48-52.
     
  • Woolf, CJ, Reynolds, ML, Chong, MS, Emson, P, Irwin, N, and Benowitz, LI (1992) Denervation of the motor endplate results in the rapid expression by terminal Schwann cells of the growth-associated protein GAP-43, J Neurosci 12, 3999-4010.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, and Perrone-Bizzozero, NI (1991), The relationship of GAP-43 to the development and plasticity of synaptic connections, Ann N Y Acad Sci 627, 58-74.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, and Perrone-Bizzozero, NI (1991), The expression of GAP-43 in relation to neuronal growth and plasticity: when, where, how, and why?, Prog Brain Res 89, 69-87.
     
  • Dani, JW, Armstrong, DM, and Benowitz, LI (1991) Mapping the development of the rat brain by GAP-43 immunocytochemistry, Neuroscience 40, 277-287.
     
  • Fitzgerald, M, Reynolds, ML, and Benowitz, LI (1991) GAP-43 expression in the developing rat lumbar spinal cord, Neuroscience 41, 187-199.
     
  • Neve, RL, Ivins, KJ, Benowitz, LI, During, MJ, and Geller, AI (1991) Molecular analysis of the function of the neuronal growth-associated protein GAP-43 by genetic intervention, Mol Neurobiol 5, 131-141.
     
  • Perrone-Bizzozero, NI, Neve, RL, Irwin, N, Lewis, S, Fischer, I, and Benowitz, LI (1991) Post-transcriptional regulation of GAP-43 rnRNA levels during neuronal differentiation and nerve regeneration, Mol Cell Neurosci 2, 402-409.
     
  • Reynolds, ML, Fitzgerald, M, and Benowitz, LI (1991) GAP-43 expression in developing cutaneous and muscle nerves in the rat hindlimb, Neuroscience 41, 201-211.
     
  • Shea, TB, Perrone-Bizzozero, NI, Beermann, ML, and Benowitz, LI (1991) Phospholipid-mediated delivery of anti-GAP-43 antibodies into neuroblastoma cells prevents neuritogenesis, J Neurosci 11, 1685-1690.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, Moya, KL, and Levine, DN (1990) Impaired verbal reasoning and constructional apraxia in subjects with right hemisphere damage, Neuropsychologia 28, 231-241.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, Perrone-Bizzozero, NI, Neve, RL, and Rodriguez, W (1990) GAP-43 as a marker for structural plasticity in the mature CNS, Prog Brain Res 86, 309-320.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, Rodriguez, WR, and Neve, RL (1990) The pattern of GAP-43 immunostaining changes in the rat hippocampal formation during reactive synaptogenesis, Brain Res Mol Brain Res 8, 17-23.
     
  • DiFiglia, M, Roberts, RC, and Benowitz, LI (1990) Immunoreactive GAP-43 in the neuropil of adult rat neostriatum: localization in unmyelinated fibers, axon terminals, and dendritic spines, J Comp Neurol 302, 992-1001.
     
  • Erzurumlu, RS, Jhaveri, S, and Benowitz, LI (1990) Transient patterns of GAP-43 expression during the formation of barrels in the rat somatosensory cortex, J Comp Neurol 292, 443-456.
     
  • Moya, KL, Benowitz, LI, and Schneider, GE (1990) Abnormal retinal projections alter GAP-43 patterns in the diencephalon, Brain Res 527, 259-265.
     
  • Neve, RL, Dawes, LR, Yankner, BA, Benowitz, LI, Rodriguez, W, and Higgins, GA (1990) Genetics and biology of the Alzheimer amyloid precursor, Prog Brain Res 86, 257-267.
     
  • Woolf, CJ, Reynolds, ML, Molander, C, O'Brien, C, Lindsay, RM, and Benowitz, LI (1990) The growth-associated protein GAP-43 appears in dorsal root ganglion cells and in the dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord following peripheral nerve injury, Neuroscience 34, 465-478.
     
  • Yankner, BA, Benowitz, LI, Villa-Komaroff, L, and Neve, RL (1990) Transfection of PC12 cells with the human GAP-43 gene: effects on neurite outgrowth and regeneration, Brain Res Mol Brain Res 7, 39-44.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, Perrone-Bizzozero, NI, Finklestein, SP, and Bird, ED, 1989, Localization of the growth-associated phosphoprotein GAP-43 (B-50, F1) in the human cerebral cortex, J Neurosci 9, 990-995.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, Rodriguez, W, Paskevich, P, Mufson, EJ, Schenk, D, and Neve, RL, 1989, The amyloid precursor protein is concentrated in neuronal lysosomes in normal and Alzheimer disease subjects, Exp Neurol 106, 237-250.
     
  • Caday, CG, Apostolides, PJ, Benowitz, LI, Perrone-Bizzozero, NI, and Finklestein, SP, 1989, Partial purification and characterization of a neurite-promoting factor from the injured goldfish optic nerve, Brain Res Mol Brain Res 5, 45-50.
     
  • Erzurumlu, RS, Jhaveri, S, Moya, KL, and Benowitz, LI, 1989, Peripheral nerve regeneration induces elevated expression of GAP-43 in the brainstem trigeminal complex of adult hamsters, Brain Res 498, 135-139.
     
  • Moya, KL, Jhaveri, S, Schneider, GE, and Benowitz, LI, 1989, Immunohistochemical localization of GAP-43 in the developing hamster retinofugal pathway, J Comp Neurol 288, 51-58.
     
  • Perrone-Bizzozero, NI, Benowitz, LI, Apostolides, PJ, Franck, ER, Finklestein, SP, and Bizzozero, OA, 1989, Protein fatty acid acylation in developing cortical neurons, J Neurochem 52, 1149-1155.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, Apostolides, PJ, Perrone-Bizzozero, N, Finklestein, SP, and Zwiers, H, 1988, Anatomical distribution of the growth-associated protein GAP-43/B-50 in the adult rat brain, J Neurosci 8, 339-352.
     
  • Daniels, EK, Shenton, ME, Holzman, PS, Benowitz, LI, Coleman, M, Levin, S, and Levine, D, 1988, Patterns of thought disorder associated with right cortical damage, schizophrenia, and mania, Am J Psychiatry 145, 944-949.
     
  • Finklestein, SP, Apostolides, PJ, Caday, CG, Philips, MF, Perrone-Bizzozero, NI, and Benowitz, LI, 1988, A factor from the injured lower vertebrate CNS promotes outgrowth from human fetal brain neurons, Brain Res 448, 346-350.
     
  • Haber, S, Finklestein, SD, Benowitz, LI, Sladek, and Collier, TJ, 1988, Matrigel enhances survival and integration of grafted dopamine neurons into the striatum, Prog Brain Res 78, 427-433.
     
  • Kosik, KS, Orecchio, LD, Bruns, GA, Benowitz, LI, MacDonald, GP, Cox, DR, and Neve, RL, 1988, Human GAP-43: its deduced amino acid sequence and chromosomal localization in mouse and human, Neuron 1, 127-132.
     
  • Moya, KL, Benowitz, LI, Jhaveri, S, and Schneider, GE, 1988, Changes in rapidly transported proteins in developing hamster retinofugal axons, J Neurosci 8, 4445-4454.
     
  • Neve, RL, Finch, EA, Bird, ED, and Benowitz, LI, 1988, Growth-associated protein GAP-43 is expressed selectively in associative regions of the adult human brain, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 85, 3638-3642.
     
  • Perrone-Bizzozero, NI, Weiner, D, Hauser, G, and Benowitz, LI, 1988, Extraction of major acidic Ca2+ dependent phosphoproteins from synaptic membranes, J Neurosci Res 20, 346-350.
  • Benowitz, LI, Perrone-Bizzozero, NI, and Finklestein, SP, 1987, Molecular properties of the growth-associated protein GAP-43 (B-50), J Neurochem 48, 1640-1647.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, and Schmidt, JT, 1987, Activity-dependent sharpening of the regenerating retinotectal projection in goldfish: relationship to the expression of growth-associated proteins, Brain Res 417, 118-126.
     
  • Finklestein, SP, Benowitz, LI, Olson, AJ, Perrone-Bizzozero, NI, Majocha, RE, and Apostolides, PJ, 1987, Conditioned media from the injured lower vertebrate CNS promote neurite outgrowth from mammalian brain neurons in vitro, Brain Res 413, 267-274.
     
  • Katz, DL, Frankenburg, FR, Benowitz, LI, and Gilbert, JM, 1987, Psychosis and prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol, J Nerv Ment Dis 175, 306-308.
     
  • Moya, KL, Benowitz, LI, Jhaveri, S, and Schneider, GE, 1987, Enhanced visualization of axonally transported proteins in the immature CNS by suppression of systemic labeling, Brain Res 428, 183-191.
     
  • Neve, RL, Perrone-Bizzozero, NI, Finklestein, S, Zwiers, H, Bird, E, Kurnit, DM, and Benowitz, LI, 1987, The neuronal growth-associated protein GAP-43 (B-50, F1): neuronal specificity, developmental regulation and regional distribution of the human and rat mRNAs, Brain Res 388, 177-183.
     
  • Perrone-Bizzozero, NI, and Benowitz, LI, 1987, Expression of a 48-kilodalton growth-associated protein in the goldfish retina, J Neurochem 48, 644-652.
     
  • Levine, DN, Warach, JD, Benowitz, L, and Calvanio, R, 1986, Left spatial neglect: effects of lesion size and premorbid brain atrophy on severity and recovery following right cerebral infarction, Neurology 36, 362-366.
     
  • Moya, KL, Benowitz, LI, Levine, DN, and Finklestein, S, 1986, Covariant defects in visuospatial abilities and recall of verbal narrative after right hemisphere stroke, Cortex 22, 381-397.
     
  • Perrone-Bizzozero, NI, Finklestein, SP, and Benowitz, LI, 1986, Synthesis of a growth-associated protein by embryonic rat cerebrocortical neurons in vitro, J Neurosci 6, 3721-3730.
     
  • Yoon, MG, Benowitz, LI, and Baker, FA, 1986, The optic tectum regulates the transport of specific proteins in regenerating optic fibers of goldfish, Brain Res 382, 339-351.
     
  • Strocchi, P, Gilbert, JM, Benowitz, LI, Dahl, D, and Lewis, ER, 1984, Cellular origin and biosynthesis of rat optic nerve proteins: a two-dimensional gel analysis, J Neurochem 43, 349-357.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, Bear, DM, Rosenthal, R, Mesulam, MM, Zaidel, E, and Sperry, RW, 1983, Hemispheric specialization in nonverbal communication, Cortex 19, 5-11.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, and Lewis, ER, 1983, Increased transport of 44,000- to 49,000-dalton acidic proteins during regeneration of the goldfish optic nerve: a two-dimensional gel analysis, J Neurosci 3, 2153-2163.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, Yoon, MG, and Lewis, ER, 1983, Transported proteins in the regenerating optic nerve: regulation by interactions with the optic tectum, Science 222, 185-188.
     
  • Finklestein, S, Benowitz, LI, Baldessarini, RJ, Arana, GW, Levine, D, Woo, E, Bear, D, Moya, K, and Stoll, AL, 1982, Mood, vegetative disturbance, and dexamethasone suppression test after stroke, Ann Neurol 12, 463-468.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, Shashoua, VE, and Yoon, MG, 1981, Specific changes in rapidly transported proteins during regeneration of the goldfish optic nerve, J Neurosci 1, 300-307.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, and Greene, LA, 1979, Nerve growth factor in the goldfish brain: biological assay studies using pheochromocytoma cells, Brain Res 162, 164-168.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, and Shashoua, VE, 1979a, Immunoreactive sites for nerve growth factor (NGF) in the goldfish brain, Brain Res 172, 561-565.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, and Shashoua, VE, 1979b, Rapidly labeled and secreted proteins of the chick brain, J Neurochem 32, 797-809.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, and Shashoua, VE, 1977, Localization of a brain protein metabolically linked with behavioral plasticity in the goldfish, Brain Res 136, 227-242.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, and Karten, HJ, 1976a, Organization of the tectofugal visual pathway in the pigeon: a retrograde transport study, J Comp Neurol 167, 503-520.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, and Karten, HJ, 1976b, The tractus infundibuli and other afferents to the parahippocampal region of the pigeon, Brain Res 102, 174-180.
     
  • Benowitz, L, 1974, Conditions for the bilateral transfer of monocular learning in chicks, Brain Res 65, 203-213.
     
  • Benowitz, L, and Magnus, JG, 1973, Memory storage processes following one-trial aversive conditioning in the chick, Behav Biol 8, 367-380.
     
  • Benowitz, L, and Teng, EL, 1973, Contrasting effects of three forebrain ablations on discrimination learning and reversal in chicks, J Comp Physiol Psychol 84, 391-397.
     
  • Benowitz, LI, and Sperry, RW, 1973, Amnesic effects of lithium chloride in chicks, Exp Neurol 40, 540-546.
     
  • Benowitz, L, 1972, Effects of forebrain ablations on avoidance learning in chicks, Physiol Behav 9, 601-608.