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Boston, MA 02115
(617) 355-6000
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My Child Has:
Synovial chondromatosis
Programs that treat this condition
Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Program  
What is synovial chondromatosis?
Synovial tissue includes the ligaments, tendons, and bursa (fluid filled cushioning pouches or sacs found in spaces between tendons, ligaments and bones) found in the area of joints. There are two types of benign tumors that arise from this soft connective tissue.

One of these types of tumors is synovial chondromatosis., a condition in which the lining of a joint produces small nodules of cartilage. These nodules essentially separate from the lining to become loose bodies within the joint. Sometimes they ossify (transform into bone). The condition, which is much more common in adults ages 20-50 than in children, usually occurs in the knee, but can arise in any joint, tendon sheath, or bursa.

Synovial chondromatosis is considered benign; meaning it does not metastasize (spread) to other parts of the body. Although some benign tumors can be locally aggressive, synovial chondromatosis tends to be non-aggressive, eventually resolving on its own. Still, your child's doctor will probably want to treat the condition, because it can cause slow progressive symptoms including decreased range of motion and, eventually, locking of the joint. It very rarely degenerates into a malignant condition.

What causes synovial chondromatosis?
The cause of synovial chondromatosis is unknown. However, some researchers believe that trauma is a factor, given that the condition occurs primarily in weight bearing joints. Infection is another possible cause. Synovial chondromatosis can sometimes develop secondary to osteoarthritis.
What are the symptoms of synovial chondromatosis?
The following are the most common symptoms of synovial chondromatosis. Keep in mind that each patient may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms include:
  • Mild pain or discomfort
  • Minimal loss of motion
  • Locking of the joint
The symptoms of synovial chondromatosis may resemble other conditions or medical problems. Always consult a physician for a diagnosis.
How is synovial chondromatosis diagnosed?
In addition to a complete medical history and a physical exam, your child may undergo one or more of the following tests:
  • X-rays - a diagnostic test that uses invisible electromagnetic energy beams to produce images of internal tissues, bones, and organs onto film.
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) - a diagnostic procedure that uses a combination of large magnets, radiofrequencies and a computer to produce detailed images of organs and structures within the body. This test can be used alone to diagnose synovial chondromatosis.
  • Computerized Tomography scan (also called CT or CAT scan) - a diagnostic imaging procedure that uses a combination of x-rays and computer technology to produce cross-sectional images (often called slices) both horizontally and vertically, of the body. A CT scan shows detailed images of any part of the body, including the bones, muscles, fat and organs.
Treatment
The exact treatment for synovial chondromatosis varies from child to child, usually depending on:
  • your child's age, overall health, and medical history
  • extent of the disease
  • your child's tolerance for specific medications, procedures, or therapies
  • how your child's physician expects the disease may progress
  • your opinion or preference
Most patients with synovial chondromatosis experience symptoms that require medical attention. The treatment of choice involves an operation called a synovectomy, in which the loose bodies of cartilage are removed. The condition may recur as the synovial lining is regenerated, but eventually, it resolves on its own.
What is the long-term outlook for a patient with synovial chondromatosis?
The long-term outlook for a patient with synovial chondromatosis varies from patient to patient depending on:
  • the extent of the disease
  • the size and location of the tumor
  • the tumor's response to therapy
  • the age and overall health of your child
  • your child's tolerance for specific medication, procedures or therapies.
Generally, the prognosis for a patient with synovial chondromatosis is excellent because the condition is self-limited.
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